1. Rome
   Damascus
2. Jerusalem
   Corinth

If you're familiar with the name "Damascus," blame the news coming out of this city in war-troubled, present-day Syria. Damascus is one of the world's oldest continuously-inhabited cities. Fun fact: It's also the source for our word "damask," meaning "pale reddish," supposedly the color of Damascus roses.

1. Aaron
   Ham
2. Japheth
   Shem

Aaron appears later in the Bible, as the brother-in-law of Moses. You can remember the names of Noah's three sons thus: "Shem" is the root of our English word "Semitic," "Ham" because it's also a lunch meat and thus strikes us as a strange name, and "Japheth" because it's a nightmare for some people to pronounce. Hope that helps!

1. Added a syllable
   Added the capital letter, which was not typical of names during that time
2. Added the final "m"
   Gave him a completely different name

Early in his life, the "father of three faiths" was named Abram, or "exalted father." God then gave him the longer name "Abraham," which changed the meaning of his name to "father of nations." In Hebrew, the name change was even simpler, only one letter. But evidently, the meaning is significant.

1. Coriolanus
   Lixor
2. Noah
   Seth

The verses dealing with Seth's birth are among the most problematic in the Bible. Skeptics ask, "If his parents were the first people on earth, who did Cain go live with in Nod?" To which believers answer, "Well, of course Adam and Eve had other brothers and sisters, and they moved away to live elsewhere." Yet in Gen. 4:25, Eve says, "God has appointed me another son instead of Abel, because Cain killed him," strongly implying that she had no consolation in other sons. You be the judge!

1. Circumcision
   Tattoo removal
2. Vaccination
   All of these

Circumcision, known as "bris" in the Jewish faith, is the removal of the foreskin from a male infant's penis. Adult circumcision, as in the case of the mass circumcisions in Joshua. It is both a religious practice and a medical one. Modern people have boys circumcised to make hygiene simpler and easier, not necessarily for religious reasons.

1. Portrait of a Lady
   A Moveable Feast
2. Moby-Dick
   Lord of the Rings

"Call me Ishmael" is the famous opening line of "Moby-Dick." Largely contentless, it nonetheless sticks in the brain, like "Last night I dreamed I went to Manderley" (the opening line of "Rebecca"). Ishmael was Abraham's son by the servant girl Hagar, and he became the father of the Arab nation.

1. Judas
   Peter
2. Miriam
   Satan

The figure we also call "the devil" bears a name meaning, essentially, "opposing counsel." Satan is most clearly playing this role in the book of Job, where he comes before God and asks to test Job's faith. He says that without his wealth, lands and family, Job's trust in God will collapse. So here, Satan is a skeptic and a prosecutor figure.

1. Nahum
   Esther
2. Numbers
   3 John

The story of Esther, the queen who saved her people from a wicked king's adviser named Haman, is important in Judaism; it is the basis for the religious holiday of Purim. Though religion plays a key role, as the reason for Haman's persecution of the Jews, God is never mentioned. In fact, you might say that Haman and Esther's struggle was more about ethnicity than faith.

1. Salome
   Jezebel
2. Lilith
   Vashti

It isn't for nothing that "we've" put the word "wicked" in quote marks. Vashti's sin? She refused to come to court and display her beauty for the king and his friends. In a sense, Vashti can be seen as a feminist heroine; but to Jews, her fall from grace allowed Esther to replace her and thus come to her people's aid.

1. Just one, Zipporah
   Two
2. Three
   This is not entirely clear

Moses' wife is clearly identified as "Zipporah." Yet later in Exodus, there is reference to Moses being married to a "Cushite woman." Is this Zipporah? She is referred to as being the daughter of a Midianite priest, whereas the Kushites, also called Nubians, were dark-skinned Africans. But the Midianites were also fairly dark-complected. Scholars have not reached a consensus on this point.

1. Simon
   James
2. Judas
   Thomas

Yes, there were even two Judases. For clarity, the second Judas was commonly referred to by the alternate name, Thaddaeus. Simon the Caananite shared a name with Simon Peter, and there was a James the Greater (son of Zebedee) and a James the Lesser.

1. Abraham
   Noah
2. Moses
   John the Baptist

Terah isn't a major figure in the Bible, but he plays an important role. He was the father of the "father of many nations." He is also the father of Abraham's wife Sarah, who was Abraham's half-sister, reminding us that customs were *really* different in the ancient Middle East.

1. His close friend
   His half-brother
2. His nephew
   His son

Lot was the son of Haran, Abraham's brother. He settled in the city of Sodom and was rescued by two angels when the city was marked for destruction by God. Lot didn't have a whole lot (pun not intended) of success with women. His wife was turned into a pillar of salt for turning to look back at Sodom while they were fleeing. What about Lot's daughters? Well, that's a story that's NSFW.

1. Nahum
   Joel
2. Manasseh
   Micah

Manasseh was a king of Judea, the "southern kingdom." No book of the Bible, though, is named for him. The other three names above are those of minor Old Testament prophets and are among the lesser-read books of the Bible.

1. Andrew
   James the Greater
2. Judas
   Peter

Cephas is probably the least-well-known name of Simon Peter, the disciple who became the first pope. Originally "Kepha" in Aramaic, it is rendered "Cephas" in most translations of the gospels, and means "rock," as does the Latinized name, "Peter."

1. Bethlehem
   Jerusalem
2. Rome
   Babylon

Bethlehem became of great importance to Christians, as the birthplace of Jesus, but it has never been a metropolis and has never "fallen" in an epic way. That distinction goes to Jerusalem, the capital of the short-lived United Kingdom and the home of Solomon's temple. It was overrun by the Babylonians in 500 B.C.

1. Ananias
   Cornelius
2. Dorcas
   Simon Peter

This is evidently a different Ananias from the one married to Sapphira, who sold a plot of land and withheld the profit from the early church. The Ananias to which we refer lived in Damascus and was initially reluctant to heal Paul because Ananias knew he was a zealous enemy of the early Christians. Of course, all that was beginning to change, and his healing would be part of that change.

1. A rain of frogs
   Painful skin boils
2. She-bears
   Their grandmothers

In 2 Kings 2:23-24, a group of boys yell, "Go away!", at the prophet Elisha and mock him for being bald. When Elisha calls on God for help, God sends "she-bears" to maul the boys. The language of the Bible isn't clear on whether the boys survived, but this is certainly an instance of very harsh justice in the Bible.

1. Genesis
   Isaiah
2. Jeremiah
   Revelations

Revelations, or the Revelation to St. John, is the final book of the Christian Bible. It describes the war that will take place at the end of time, after which there will be a new heaven and new earth for the faithful to enjoy (and a lake of fire for the Antichrist and his followers).

1. Blindness
   Bunions
2. Loss of appetite
   Tumors

The "tumors" might have been the boils caused by what had not yet been identified as the bubonic plague. We know this because when the Philistines returned the Ark, they included an offering of gold in the shape of tumors and the shape of mice. The tumors obviously had symbolic significance, and the mice might have as well, if the Philistines understood them to be spreading the plague.

1. Napthali
   Jezebel
2. Bilhah
   Zilpah

Napthali is one of Jacob's 12 sons and the father of a tribe of Israel. Bilhah, Rachel's handmaiden, was his mother. Zilpah was the handmaiden Leah gave to Jacob, also to be a surrogate mother, and Jezebel was a wicked queen in the Old Testament.

1. Isaiah
   Proverbs
2. Malachi
   Revelations

Like many books of the minor prophets, the book of Malachi is short, only four chapters. It deals with the importance of repentance and following the Lord to stave off a great day of judgment. While the Old Testament and the Jewish Bible are essentially the same, Malachi is not the last book in the Jewish Bible, where the "writings" follow the "prophets."

1. Joshua
   Isaac
2. Joseph
   Laman

Wait, Joseph was married? That's right; he's one of several important male figures in the scriptures whose wife is essentially a footnote, named only once. However, it was enough that the horror writer H.P. Lovecraft named one of his most intriguing female characters after her, Asenath Waite, in "The Thing on the Doorstep."

1. Bread
   God
2. Tomorrow
   Truth

This is a common verse used to rebuke atheists. Don't confuse it with the secular proverb, "A fool and his money are soon parted" (which, in our opinion, is a lot more easily proved; just witness the cryptocurrency craze).

1. Asa
   Jeroboam
2. Saul
   Solomon

This sounds like something the increasingly unhinged Saul would do, but it was Solomon. Supposedly the baby was claimed by two mothers, and when Solomon offered to literally divide the infant between them, only the real mother said no. Of course, this story is predicated on the idea that any mother would want half a dead baby, but it's best not to question these things too deeply!

1. Coin
   Emeralds
2. Rubies
   Saying

Many of the sayings in Proverbs concern what makes for a good marriage, as does this one. It's also the name of a 1998 movie about a young conservative Jewish couple, "A Price Above Rubies," starring Renee Zellweger.

1. A horse
   A donkey
2. A mule
   An ox

This method of transportation was prophesied in Zechariah 9:9: "Tell ye the daughter of Zion, 'Behold, your king comes, meek, and seated on a donkey, and on the foal of a donkey.'" It seems likely that the donkey that Christ rode was full-grown; donkeys are not large animals, to begin with, and a juvenile one would not likely bear the weight of a grown man.

1. Build shelters for them
   Fetch water for them
2. Pray to them
   Prepare food for them

It's hard not to read the story of the Transfiguration and see Peter as overwhelmed and simply needing something to do. He was, after all, rash in speech and action early in the Gospels, and the following verse says, "He did not know what to say, for they were terrified."

1. One
   Two
2. Three
   Four

Nebuchadnezzar had Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego summarily executed, or so he planned. But when he looked into the furnace, the king saw four "men." An angel of the Lord had joined the three humans, who were untouched by the flames.

1. 1 Corinthians
   2 Corinthians
2. Cretans
   Phillipians

The apostle Paul wrote letters, also known as "epistles," to churches in several towns of southern Europe, including Greece. Corinth, which merited two letters, was one such location. But the famous island of Crete was not.

1. The apostles showed no fear of persecution.
   The apostles shone with internal light.
2. Each audience member heard his own language.
   There was an unending meal of loaves and fish.

The miracle of the loaves and the fish came earlier in the gospels. The miracle at Pentecost was that each person heard the apostles' preaching in his own tongue. The story is found in Acts 2.

1. Bathing
   Gardening
2. Praying
   Weaving

This one is easy to remember because of her name. Bathsheba was bathing on her rooftop in sight of the king's apartments. From the Need to Know Dept.: It's possible that Bathsheba was performing a mikva, a ritual bath according to Jewish custom, that women must take every month after their cycle.

1. Amnon
   Dov
2. Nathan
   Uriah

David didn't have Uriah murdered, directly. He instructed another of his military leaders to send Uriah into the heat of the fighting, and then "withdraw from him." In military slang, Uriah was "fragged." This was after David tried to get Uriah to sleep with Bathsheba on leave (thus covering up the fact that she was pregnant with another man's child), but Uriah was too devout a soldier to do this.

1. Leviticus
   Haggai
2. Micah
   Obadiah

Obadiah is only one chapter long, or 21 verses. The opening half-line identifies the book as "the vision of Obadiah," and condemns the actions of the neighboring Edomites against the Hebrews, foreseeing, as many prophetic books do, a day of reckoning.

1. Mary
   Rebecca
2. Her name is not known.
   Peter was never married.

It might come as a surprise to you that Peter was married, but clearly, he was. Early in the gospels, Jesus heals Peter's mother-in-law of a fever; the mother-in-law relationship could not have existed without a wife. However, Peter's wife is otherwise absent from the Gospels and the Acts of the Apostles.