1. They have a concussion.
   They've eaten too many blueberries.
2. They have a broken bone.
   Their blood is low in oxygen.

If an individual or victim at the scene of an accident has their skin turning blue, it normally means that they have low oxygen in their blood. It is called cyanosis and can often come about quite suddenly.

1. A heart attack
   An allergic reaction
2. A broken bone
   A bruise appearing

An EpiPen is something used to treat very severe and dangerous allergic reactions. An EpiPen contains a measured dose of epinephrine, which can reverse the overall symptoms of anaphylaxis.

1. Leg
   Neck
2. Arm
   Abdomen

The carotid artery is a major blood vessel that is located in the neck. It supplies blood from the heart up to our necks, face and even our brains. As a result, it is an incredibly important part of our bodies and health.

1. Ask someone else nearby
   You may treat without consent if the situation is dire.
2. Call their family
   You can't do anything.

While EMTs and other professionals are supposed to get consent from the patient, if they are unconscious, and harm will come to them if they are not treated, you are permitted to treat them.

1. Confusion
   Dizziness
2. Nausea
   Fingers turning blue

A concussion occurs when the brain suffers trauma that causes it to move or shake back and forth in rapid succession. All of the mentioned symptoms are common for concussions, except for fingers turning blue.

1. Stop the bleeding
   Get them fluids
2. Clean up the blood
   Stitch them up

The very first and most important thing to do is to stop the bleeding. This can be done by applying direct pressure in most cases, often using a clean cloth or gauze if possible.

1. Sit them up and ask them questions.
   Carry them away from their current location.
2. Stabilize the neck and keep them still.
   Look for other victims before touching them.

If you arrive at the scene of an accident as an EMT and notice someone may have broken their neck, it is important to keep them still and stabilize their neck. Moving them or their head and neck could lead to further injuries or issues.

1. 60-100 beats per minute
   20-40 beats per minute
2. 140-180 beats per minute
   15-45 beats per minute

A normal heart rate for an average adult is 60 to 100 beats per minute. This will vary on a number of factors such as the age of a person, their physical condition, health and much more.

1. Suddenly feeling numb
   Feeling very happy and elated
2. Trouble speaking or hearing
   A drooping face

A stroke is an unfortunately common event where the brain isn't getting enough blood. The symptoms of a stroke include a drooping face, trouble speaking and numbness, but not a feeling of happiness.

1. Help the first person you see.
   Help whoever asks first.
2. Flip a coin
   Help whoever appears to be hurt the most.

When arriving to a scene with multiple victims, EMTs will quickly assess the situation and help first those who need it most. They will prioritize those who are in the worst shape but still able to be saved and go from there.

1. Eyesight
   Pulse
2. Temperature
   Blood pressure

Of the provided options, the eyesight of a victim isn't a vital sign. Vital signs can help indicate the functions of the body that are necessary to stay alive. Taking these measurements can help analyze the overall health or condition of a person.

1. The president
   The NHTSA
2. Hospitals
   State governors vote on it.

EMT training is very important to ensure everyone is on the same page and has the knowledge they need to succeed. The minimum standards are set by the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration).

1. Fire departments
   Police stations
2. Hospitals
   All of the above

There are many different places that EMTs can work including hospitals, fire departments and police stations. Any place that may deal with emergencies or dangerous situations could likely find a use for some EMTs on staff.

1. Radius
   Femur
2. Tibia
   Clavicle

The longest bone in the human body is the femur. This bone connects your hip to your knee. In addition to being the longest, the femur is also believed to be the strongest bone in the body.

1. 309
   173
2. 87
   206

The average adult has 206 bones in their body. At birth, however, we have about 270 bones. The number decreases, as several different bones throughout our bodies begin to fuse together as we get older.

1. Produce hormones
   Regulate growth and development
2. Regulate metabolism
   All of the above

The endocrine system is incredibly important to our bodies for a number of different reasons. It helps produce hormones that regulate everything from our metabolism to our growth and even our mood.

1. Blood
   Urine
2. Saliva
   All of the above

A variety of different types of bodily fluids are able to transmit and transfer different pathogens. It is very important to be careful around fluids when attending at the scene of an accident or emergency.

1. In the neck
   In the chest and abdomen
2. In the leg
   In the arm

The aorta is the largest artery in the body. It begins in the heart, more particularly in the left ventricle. From there, it extends down into the abdomen, before splitting into two arteries that are smaller.

1. Neck
   Arm
2. Leg
   Foot

If someone snapped their ulna, they would have sustained an injury to their arm. In particular, the ulna is one of the bones that makes up our forearm, along with the radius. It also assists in forming the elbow joint.

1. The early 1920s
   The early 1950s
2. The early 1970s
   The early 1980s

The EMT program began in the early 1970s as part of the "Alexandria Plan," The Alexandria Plan is when 24/7 and year-round emergency care was established in Alexandria, Virginia, and soon the idea spread elsewhere.

1. It delivers blood to the body.
   It oxygenates the blood.
2. It receives blood and pumps to the left ventricle.
   None of the above

The heart is an incredibly complex part of our body, and the left atrium is no different. The left atrium is responsible for a number of things, most notably receiving oxygenated blood and pumping it to the left ventricle.

1. A part of a person's body structure is torn off.
   A deep pinhole injury
2. Two broken bones in multiple parts of the body
   A person has lost consciousness

An avulsion is a type of injury where some part of the structure of our bodies is ripped or torn off. This can be anything from losing some skin, to losing all of your skin in an area, to potentially even losing a limb.

1. Capillary bleeding
   Venous bleeding
2. Arterial bleeding
   All are equally bad

All bleeding can be bad and harmful, but arterial bleeding is the most potentially dangerous. This occurs when an artery is cut and could result in a ton of blood being lost. In some cases, blood might even spurt out of the wound.

1. Around 35%
   Around 60%
2. Around 10%
   Around 20%

According to Data USA and census estimates, it is believed that around 35% of all EMTs in the USA are women. As a result, there are tens of thousands of women working as EMTs and paramedics across the country.

1. Between 25 and 30 breaths a minute
   Around 60 breaths a minute
2. Between 12 and 20 breaths a minute
   More than 100 breaths a minute

A normal breathing rate for a healthy adult is between 12 and 20 breaths a minute. Anything higher or lower than that could potentially be a cause for concern and should be investigated.

1. 100 compressions and then five breaths
   30 compressions and then two breaths
2. 20 compressions and then three breaths
   10 compressions and four breaths

When doing CPR, it can be a life or death situation and thus, EMTs need to be able to do it correctly. The correct ratio for chest compressions and breaths is 30 compressions, followed by two breaths.

1. Around 700,000
   Just under 100,000
2. Just over 250,000
   Just over 350,000

According to stats provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, there are just over 250,000 EMTs working in the USA. The job outlook is good in the profession, as well, as it is supposed to grow faster than average.

1. One
   Two
2. Three
   Four

The NHTSA officially recognizes four separate levels of EMT. These are EMR (emergency medical responder), EMT (emergency medical technician), AEMT (advanced emergency medical technician) and paramedic.

1. Around 1.5 gallons
   About 2 gallons
2. Around 3.5 gallons
   Around 8 gallons

While the average amount of blood inside a person can vary a lot based on size, health, age and sex, the average person has around 1.2 to 1.5 gallons of blood circulating through their body at any given time.

1. Around 50 years old
   Around 35 years old
2. Around 30 years old
   Around 40 years old

According to census data, the average age of an EMT and paramedic in the USA is 35.9. On average, men are about 36 and a half years old, while women are just over 34 and a half years old.

1. Primary injuries
   Secondary Injuries
2. Tertiary Injuries
   Quaternary injuries

Out of all the different types of injuries often sustained during a blast or explosion, none have the potential to be as fatal or deadly as secondary injuries. These are injuries caused by shrapnel and other objects sent flying due to the blast.

1. Check their wrist.
   Check their elbow.
2. Check their neck.
   Check their feet.

Despite what you may have expected, checking the elbow of an infant is the correct way to check their pulse. In particular, you will be checking the brachial artery of the child, which is located on the inner elbow.

1. 1911
   1786
2. 1934
   1865

The first-ever ambulance service that was actually based out of a hospital in American history was back in 1865. It was based out of a hospital in Cincinnati that was called Commercial Hospital.

1. Cardiogenic shock
   Septic shock
2. Anaphylactic shock
   Hypovolemic shock

Shock is when there is too little blood flowing throughout the body. There are many different kinds of shock, but the most common is hypovolemic shock. It is caused by a low volume of blood circulating due to fluid loss or haemorrhage.

1. The Coat of Arms
   Star of Life
2. The Badge of Truth
   The Healthy Snake

The Star of Life has been associated with the emergency medical field for decades all across the world. It is a blue star with six points, that features the Rod of Asclepius, which is a Greek symbol for healing.